Cusco is an incredible destination, full of history, culture, and breathtaking landscapes. However, at an elevation of about 3,400 meters (11,150 feet) above sea level, many travelers may feel the effects of altitude sickness. With a bit of preparation, you can handle it easily and fully enjoy your trip.
What is Altitude Sickness?
Altitude sickness, medically known as Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), happens when your body struggles to adapt to the lower oxygen levels found at high elevations. In Cusco, where the air is thinner, it is common for visitors coming from lower altitudes to experience some discomfort. This condition is normal and can affect anyone, regardless of age or fitness level.
Common Symptoms to Watch For
Symptoms of altitude sickness often appear within the first 24 to 48 hours after arriving in Cusco. The most common ones include:
- Headache
- Nausea or vomiting
- Fatigue or weakness
- Dizziness or light-headedness
- Shortness of breath
- Difficulty sleeping
- Loss of appetite
In more severe cases, symptoms may worsen to confusion, difficulty walking, or chest tightness. If that happens, it is important to seek medical assistance right away.
How to Prevent Altitude Sickness Before and During Your Trip
You can reduce the chances of altitude sickness with some simple but effective steps:
Acclimatize Slowly: Give your body time to adjust by spending your first day or two in Cusco taking it easy. Avoid intense physical activities at the start.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help your body adapt better to the altitude. Avoid drinking too much alcohol or caffeine as these can contribute to dehydration.
Eat Light Meals: Choose easy-to-digest foods, especially during your first meals in Cusco.
Rest Properly: Sleep well and allow your body to recover from the change in altitude.
These practices can help your body adapt more comfortably to Cusco’s high elevation.
Traditional Remedies Used by Locals
Local traditions offer natural ways to help with altitude adjustment. One of the most recommended remedies is coca tea (mate de coca). This herbal tea, made from coca leaves, is widely served in hotels and cafes and is believed to support better oxygen absorption in the body. For example, this tea can help you feel more comfortable when doing the Humantay Lake or Rainbow Mountain tour.
Another popular option is muña tea, made from a native Andean mint plant. Muña is known for aiding digestion and easing breathing, which can be especially helpful when adapting to the altitude.
It is a good idea to drink coca or muña tea shortly after arriving in Cusco, and especially before taking tours that go to higher altitudes or involve more physical activity.
When to Seek Medical Help
If you notice that your symptoms are getting worse instead of improving with rest, hydration, and traditional remedies, you should seek medical help. Signs such as severe shortness of breath, confusion, or chest pain require immediate attention. Fortunately, many hotels in Cusco offer oxygen assistance, and local clinics are prepared to treat altitude-related conditions.
Don’t Let the Altitude Stop You!
While the altitude in Cusco can be challenging, there is no need to be afraid. By preparing in advance, taking it easy on arrival, and using traditional teas like coca or muña, you can help your body adapt and focus on enjoying the magical experiences that Cusco has to offer.